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The Hubble Space Telescope has allowed scientists and the rest of the world a look into outer space that was not even imagined one hundred years ago. In fact, it is only in the last one hundred years that it was discovered that there are millions of galaxies beyond ours and that the universe is constantly expanding. Since its launch in 1990 this telescope has been an invaluable source of information to astronomers and scientists throughout the world. As the Hubble Space Telescope orbits its way around the earth once every 95 minutes, it continues to gather more knowledge about not only our galaxy but the ones beyond as well.
A timeline of Hubble Space Telescope History:
1924--Edwin Hubble looked up into the night sky to disprove the theory of a single galaxy. He proved that rather than just gasses and dust, the universe was filled with other galaxies. He was the first to prove that our universe was continuing to grow and expand. However, he did not have the benefit of the tools we have available today, so his knowledge was still somewhat limited although his vision was far-reaching.
1924-1983--the concept of a Large Space Telescope (LST) was conceived, designed, revised and developed and implemented. In 1985, the LST was renamed the Hubble Space Telescope, to honor the man who started it all.
1990--After delays with its launch due to conflicts with the launch of the space shuttle, the Hubble Space Telescope was sent into orbit.
1994--the telescope took pictures of a comet collision, and detailed photos of Pluto, as well as giving us a greater knowledge of Neptune and Uranus.
1995--the Hubble took pictures of the ?birth? of a star as it developed from interstellar clouds.
1996--Photos from the Hubble Space Telescope show that quasars are actually nuclei which illuminate when a black hole uses energies from surrounding gases and stars.
1997--The Hubble takes pictures which prove that black holes are bigger than the sun.
1998--The most detailed pictures of the planets in our solar system are taken.
2004--The Hubble Space Telescope was able to document in pictures how, when, and why stars die and using the Hubble Ultra Deep Field technology, to take pictures of the expanding universe unlike any that had previously been taken. It also took pictures of Mars when it was closer to Earth than it had been in 60,000 years.
2005Took pictures of a comet with a projected piece of equipment from the Hubble Space Telescope.
Future DevelopmentsThe Hubble Space Telescope?s mission is scheduled to end with this decade. Astronauts will go up, make repairs and assess the future usefulness of this tool in deep space discovery and a decision will be made about whether it should be discontinued or remain in service. But, no matter what decision is made, this telescope has been an amazing resource for a broader understanding of space and its limitless possibilities. Thank you, Mr. Hubble.
... Bright objects, such as open clusters, will have even shorter relative exposures, and faint objects, such as galaxy clusters or a faint supernova, will have a somewhat longer relative exposure ...
http://www.3towers.com/GrassImageGallery.htm
... faster. By conducting redshift surveys of galaxy clusters, astronomers hope to learn more about this mysterious force, and about the structure and geometry of the universe. (4/22/02) AGRICULTURE Code ...
http://www.news.uiuc.edu/scitips/02/
Learn about the Moon with this eBook and predict Moon phases and more with the associated astronomy/astrology software package.
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... Tuesday, 06 June 2006 Astronomers have found the largest number of the most distant, youngest galaxy clusters yet, a feat that will help them observe the developing universe when it was less than half ...
http://www.aainaa.com/ind ...iew&id=1355&Itemid=27
... wavelengths Swinburne University 1995 LIDMAN, Christopher Erik An optical search for distant galaxy clusters ESO, Chile ENGLISH, Jayanne Gas dynamics and globular cluster formation in interacting ...
http://www.mso.anu.edu.au ...ate/alumni/alumni.php
... cosmological distance A distance far beyond the boundaries of our Galaxy. When viewing objects at cosmological distances, the curved nature of spacetime could become apparent. Possible cosmological ...
http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/dict_ad.html
... A short list of subjects include: Stars Nebula Planets Sol (The Sun) Star clusters Galaxies Galaxy clusters Dark matter Black holes Each of those topics breaks in multiple topics and fields of study ...
http://theastropages.com/astronomy.htm
... No.1 Science & Technology News Service Titanic merger of galaxy clusters revealed 12:29 24 September ... ... com news service Maggie McKee Related Articles Tsunamis of gas hot up galaxy clusters 21 July 2004 ...
http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn6443
... an ordinary galaxy, located in a cluster of galaxies not so different than billions of other galaxy clusters, themselves whirling away from one another in an expanding cosmic bubble that very possibly ...
http://www.dimaggio.org/Heretic/index.htm
... 10.1051/0004-6361:20010071 Finding galaxy clusters using Voronoi tessellations M. Ramella 1 , W. Boschin 2 , D. Fadda 3 and M. Nonino 1 1 Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, 34100 ...
http://cdsads.u-strasbg.f .../aa10522/aa10522.html
... um19.htm Cached - Similar pages XMMNewton digs into the secrets of fossil galaxy clusters The cloud, reaching temperatures of about 50 million degrees, ... within a hot gas halo extending over three ...
http://2823.lp61n3.info/
Jim Burnell's CCD Images Galaxy Groups & Clusters Select a galaxy cluster: Click on a thumbnail ... ... Abell Galaxy Clusters Abell 194 Abell 262 Abell 347 Abell 426 The Perseus Galaxy Cluster Abell 569 ...
http://www.jburnell.com/GalaxyClusters.html
... matter in the universe from its initial smooth state into the cosmic web of galaxies and galaxy clusters that populate the universe. The University of Chicagos Andrey Kravtsov, Charlie Conroy and ...
http://www-news.uchicago. ...6/060606.galaxy.shtml
... Current and Future Galaxy Surveys Lyman Alpha Systems Galaxy clusters Weak Lensing Quasar Clustering Peculiar Velocity Measurements Current and Future Galaxy Surveys (Shown is the geometry of the ...
http://astro.berkeley.edu/~mwhite/probes-lss.html
... unknown. To tackle the challenges of cosmology, different approaches have been developed, including measuring the cosmic background radiation (CMB), studying galaxy clusters, and understanding quasars ...
http://lcdm.ncsa.uiuc.edu/
... Further information about some of our major research interested can be found below: Intraday Variability Interstellar Masers Megamasers Galaxy Clusters Magnetic Fields Galactic HI AGN Clusters and ...
http://www-ra.phys.utas.e ...h_astro_clusters.html
... M.S. 2002, University of Hawaii PhD dissertation: "The assembly of massive galaxy clusters: a joint X-ray- optical study" Doctoral Committee: Kaiser (chair), Ebeling, Stockton, Jewitt, Joseph, Peter ...
http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu ...graduate_students.htm
... dk '''Galaxy groups and clusters''' are super-structures in the spread of galaxies of the cosmos ... ... own galaxy, the Milky Way, is called the Local Group, and contains more than 40 galaxies. Clusters of ...
http://groups-and-cluster ...laxies.ask.dyndns.dk/
http://www.adsabs.harvard ...8P&link_type=ABSTRACT
... of star formation and observational cosmology, in particular the Sunyaev-ZelÃdovich effect on galaxy clusters and cosmology using the Cosmic Microwave Background. He has been working on several ...
http://sage.stsci.edu/team.php
... All travel in Celestia is seamless; the exponential zoom feature lets you explore space across a huge range of scales, from galaxy clusters down to spacecraft only a few meters across. A 'point-and ...
http://linuxdaily.modblog.com/
... 43.9 KB); Caption, Credits and Copyrights Distant Galaxy Clusters Spiral galaxies, such as our own Milky Way, contain a combination of young and old stars, and appear to have formed later in cosmic ...
http://archive.ncsa.uiuc. ...smos/GalaxyBirth.html
... A study of the Universe's most massive galaxy clusters has shown that mergers ... http://www.astronomynow.com/ Cached - Similar pages Brown Alumni Association Home The Light at the End of the ...
http://5075.yylpax.info/
... Math Fossils - Ruins Home Space - Time Astronomers Find Hundreds Of Young, Distant Galaxy Clusters Health - Medicine Carnegie Mellon Researchers Discover New Cell Properties Can You Hear Me ...
http://www.evoscience.com/content/view/59/5/
... however they are miniscule compared to the largest known objects in the universe, called galaxy clusters. These clusters, which contain thousands of galaxies, are among the most extreme ...
http://asx.sa.utoronto.ca/
... 2005 The galaxy at the beginning of the universe Background radiation reveals galaxy clusters Life's building blocks from space? Scientists use supernovae to seek dark energy Does Big Bang theory ...
http://www.earthsky.org/shows/astrophysics.php
... Galaxy Cluster 1. Local Group ... 2. Nearby Galaxy Clusters ... 3. Nearby Rich Galaxy Clusters ... 4. References Type : Galaxy Cluster Cloud îÄîÄîÄ Galaxy Cluster îÄîÄîÄ Galaxy Size : 23 Mpc ...
http://www.astro.uu.nl/~s ...m/melkwegcluster.html
... SHAPES AND TYPES Galaxy: Astronomy: Galaxy - OBSERVING GALAXIES Galaxy: Astronomy: Galaxy - GALAXY CLUSTERS Galaxy: Astronomy: Galaxy - ELLIPTICALS Galaxy: Astronomy: Galaxy Jupiter _TOPIC: Jupiter ...
http://www.lunaroutreach. ...dules.php?name=Topics
... to map the location of invisible 'dark matter' in unprecedented detail in two very young galaxy clusters. A Johns Hopkins University-Space Telescope Science Institute team reports its findings in ...
http://www.adamscottbrown.com/
Groups and Clusters of Galaxies Click icon for an index of galaxy groups and clusters containing galaxies of Messier's catalog Our icon shows a region near the center of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies ...
http://www.seds.org/messier/gal_clus.html
... Main Menu Home Modules AvantGo FAQ News Recommend Us Web Links Stats Topics Search Space Information Links Elements in Galaxy Clusters Elements in Galaxy Clusters Posted by: Admin on Monday, June 12 ...
http://www.spaceweekly.co ...file=article&sid=2073
... > releases > 2004 > 01 Images from Hubble's ACS Tell a Tale of Two Record-Breaking Galaxy Clusters View all images Looking back in time nearly 9 billion years, an international team of ...
http://hubblesite.org/new ...ive/releases/2004/01/
... 4 widely separated patches on the sky, away from very bright stars and known rich low-z galaxy clusters, totaling 1.5 square degrees in size. Observations were made using the CFHT Multi-Object ...
http://www.astro.toronto.edu/~cnoc/cnoc2.html
http://ast7.uibk.ac.at/hydroskiteam/
University of Florida News UF News UF Web with Google UF Phonebook Astronomers find hundreds of young, distant galaxy clusters Filed under Research, Sciences, Astronomy on Monday, June 5, 2006 ...
http://news.ufl.edu/2006/06/05/galaxy-clusters/
... A. 2006, A&A 449, 1177-1192 Precessing jets from a moving source and bright X-ray filaments in galaxy clusters Rodriguez-Martinez, M., Vel·zquez, P. F., Binette, L. & Raga, A. C. 2006, A&A 448, 15-21 ...
http://www.chianti.rl.ac.uk/publications/ads.html
... Space ª Brain ª Human Evolution ª Biology ª Geology ª Physics ª Universe ª Click above fields for latest in the news The Origin Of Elements In Galaxy Clusters Posted: Thursday, May 11, 2006 Source ...
http://www.howcomyoucom.c ...47397489,97245,.shtml
... As the universe expanded, these fluctuations were amplified by gravity until they eventually collapsed back on themselves to form the galaxies, the galaxy clusters and the larger structures that we ...
http://www.mpg.de/english ...ressRelease200605101/
ARTHUR ZULU, The Most Controversial Writer in the World, is the author of the best - selling book, HOW TO WRITE A BEST-SELLER.
1989
Title: WHY DOES GOD PERMIT WICKEDNESS AND SUFFERING? (Part 3) Author: Arthur Zulu Contact Author: mailto: controversialwriter@yahoo.com Copyright: Copyright © Arthur Zulu 2002 Word Count 579 Web Address: http://www.1stbooks.com/bookview/10975
Publishing Guidelines: Permission is granted to publish this article electronically or in print as long as the bylines are included. A courtesy copy of your publication would be appreciated.
WHY DOES GOD PERMIT WICKEDNESS AND SUFFERING? (Part 3)
By Arthur Zulu
Does God exist? Or is he dead as some say? The answers to these questions will help us to know why he allows wickedness and suffering in this world.
As a starting point, note this: whatever is made requires a maker. The chair you are sitting on now did not fall from heaven . It was made by a carpenter. The computer from where you downloaded this article did not happen by chance. It was made by a genius. And the article that you are reading now did not evolve. It has an author.
These in themselves are small things. Now, consider bigger and more complex things. Like what? you may ask. Like the universe. Who made it?
It is very easy to say that the universe is without cause. Think of the order among the 100 billion stars in our galaxy, and the 100 billion galaxies in the known universe! Consider the fact that these galaxies are arranged in clusters and super clusters.
Imagine the fact that the universe is in a constant state of expansion, and the likelihood of other universes. Add the fact that even now scientists are discovering new stars and galaxies that defy their previously held opinions.
Reflecting on the order and intelligence in the universe, proponents of the Big Bang theory have begun singing different tunes. Asked John Glenn: “Could this have just happened? Was it an accident that a bunch of flotsam and jetsam suddenly started making these orbits of its own accord?” He answers his own question: “I can't believe that . . . . Some Power put all this into orbit and keeps it there.”
Another scientist, Stephen W. Hawking agrees:” The more we examine the universe, we find it is not arbitrary at all but obeys certain well-defined laws that operate in different areas. It seems very reasonable to suppose that there may be some unifying principles, so that all laws are part of some bigger law”.
Now, consider the earth -- our home, a store house of food and “the greatest of all cosmological scientific puzzles” according to Levis Thomas.
It is positioned at the right distance from the sun (to make life possible), it revolves round the sun (to make for change of seasons), it rotates once very 24 hours (making day and night to happen), and it has an atmosphere (to protect us.) Was it made, or did it come about by chance?
Well, what about the brain, which in the words of Henry F. Osborne “is the most marvelous and mysterious object in the whole universe”
Do you know that as you read this, some 100 million messages are pouring into your brain every second? But how you may ask, does it make it possible for you to focus on what you are reading right now?
Because the brain censors incoming information and scans itself every tenth of a second thus making it possible to focus on the important ones. Imagine the complex electrochemical transmission and the quadrillion connections between the 100 billion neutrons or nerve cells in the brain. And imagine the fact that these connections are several times more than all the communication systems in the whole world!
Commenting on the information storage capability of the brain, Carl Sagan said that it “would fill some twenty million volumes, as many as in the world's largest libraries”. Do you think that it evolved, or was it made by a Superior Intelligence?
Said the neurosurgeon, Dr. Robert J. White: “I am left with no choice but to acknowledge the existence of a superior intellect, responsible for the design and development of the incredible brain-mind relationship -- something far beyond man's capacity to understand . . . . I have to believe all this had an intelligent beginning, that someone made it happen.”
Who is that Someone? He is God, the creator, the one who has no beginning and no end. His power and intelligence is seen from the complexity of the things he has made -- from the terrifying cosmos to the small atom.
So since there is God, why does he permit wickedness and suffering?
(To be continued)
Copyright © 2002, all rights reserved
About the Author:
ARTHUR ZULU, The Most Controversial Writer in the World, presents the above article as an example of topics that make best-sellers. If you want to write a best-seller, download a copy and free excerpt of his best – selling book, HOW TO WRITE A BEST-SELLER at : http://www.1stbooks.com/bookview/10975 For FREE writing helps, mailto: controversialwriter@yahoo.com
About the Author ARTHUR ZULU, The Most Controversial Writer in the World, is the author of the best - selling book, HOW TO WRITE A BEST-SELLER.
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